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Simplified Guide to Common Legal and Latin Terms Used in Indian Law
Understanding legal jargon is essential for
anyone diving into the world of law. Here’s a simplified list of must-know
legal and Latin phrases commonly encountered in Indian legal practice and
education:
• Actus Reus: A guilty act (part of proving
a crime)
• Mens Rea: A guilty mind or intent
• Habeas Corpus: A writ to bring a person
before a court to check illegal detention
• Res Judicata: A matter already judged;
can’t be tried again
• Sub Judice: A matter currently under
judicial consideration
• Ultra Vires: Beyond the powers (used for
actions outside legal authority)
• Amicus Curiae: A friend of the court
(someone who advises but is not a party)
• Pro Bono: Legal work done for free
• Locus Standi: Right or capacity to bring
an action or appear in a court
• Prima Facie: At first glance or on the
face of it
• FIR (First Information Report): The first
report recorded by police upon receiving information of a cognizable offense
• Bailable/Non-Bailable Offence: Whether a person is entitled to bail or not as a matter
of right
• Charge Sheet: Final report submitted by
police after investigation
• Cognizable Offence: Offense where police
can arrest without a warrant
• Non-Cognizable Offence: Police require
court permission to arrest
• Remand: Sending an accused back into
custody or judicial custody
• Anticipatory Bail: Bail granted before
arrest, under Section 438 CrPC
• Contempt of Court: Disrespect or defiance
towards a court's authority
• Quashing of FIR: Legal request to nullify
the FIR by High Court
• Legal Heir Certificate: Document certifying rightful heirs after a death
“To speak the language of law, you must first learn its phrases.”
Also Read: Is There a Legal Limit to WhatsApp Chats Used as Evidence in India
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